Atypical brain aging and its association with working memory performance in major depressive disorder

Ho, Natalie C. W., Bethlehem, R. A. I., Seidlitz, Jakob, ..., -, Mothersill, David and et al., - (2024) Atypical brain aging and its association with working memory performance in major depressive disorder. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. ISSN 2451-9030

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Abstract

Background: Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) can present with altered brain structure and deficits in cognitive function similar to aging. Yet, the interaction between age-related brain changes and brain development in MDD remains understudied. In a cohort of adolescents and adults with and without MDD, we assessed brain aging differences and associations through a newly developed tool quantifying normative neurodevelopmental trajectories.

Methods: 304 MDD participants and 236 non-depressed controls were recruited and scanned from three studies under the Canadian Biomarker Integration Network for Depression. Volumetric data were used to generate brain centile scores, which were examined for: a) differences in MDD relative to controls; b) differences in individuals with versus without severe childhood maltreatment; and c) correlations with depressive symptom severity, neurocognitive assessment domains, or escitalopram treatment response.

Results: Brain centiles were significantly lower in the MDD group compared to controls. It was also significantly correlated with working memory in controls, but not the MDD group. No significant associations were observed in depression severity or antidepressant treatment response with brain centiles. Likewise, childhood maltreatment history did not significantly affect brain centiles.

Conclusions: Consistent with prior work on machine learning models that predict “brain age”, brain centile scores differed in people diagnosed with MDD, and MDD was associated with differential relationships between centile scores and working memory. The results support the notion of atypical development and aging in MDD, with implications on neurocognitive deficits associated with aging-related cognitive function.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > Psychology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > Psychology > Cognitive psychology R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA790 Mental Health
Divisions:	School of Business > Staff Research and Publications
Depositing User:	Tamara Malone
Date Deposited:	03 May 2024 15:28
Last Modified:	03 May 2024 15:28
URI:	https://norma.ncirl.ie/id/eprint/6979

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