Changes in Default-Mode Network Associated With Childhood Trauma in Schizophrenia

Dauvermann, Maria R., Mothersill, David, Rokita, Karolina I., King, Sinead, Holleran, Laurena, Kane, Ruan, McKernan, Declan P., Kelly, John P., Morris, Derek W., Corvin, Aiden, Hallahan, Brian, McDonald, Colm and Donohoe, Gary (2021) Changes in Default-Mode Network Associated With Childhood Trauma in Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 47 (5). pp. 1482-1494. ISSN 1745-1701

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Abstract

Background
There is considerable evidence of dysconnectivity within the default-mode network (DMN) in schizophrenia, as measured during resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). History of childhood trauma (CT) is observed at a higher frequency in schizophrenia than in the general population, but its relationship to DMN functional connectivity has yet to be investigated.

Methods
CT history and rs-fMRI data were collected in 65 individuals with schizophrenia and 132 healthy controls. Seed-based functional connectivity between each of 4 a priori defined seeds of the DMN (medial prefrontal cortex, right and left lateral parietal lobes, and the posterior cingulate cortex) and all other voxels of the brain were compared across groups. Effects of CT on functional connectivity were examined using multiple regression analyses. Where significant associations were observed, regression analyses were further used to determine whether variance in behavioral measures of Theory of Mind (ToM), previously associated with DMN recruitment, were explained by these associations.

Results
Seed-based analyses revealed evidence of widespread reductions in functional connectivity in patients vs controls, including between the left/right parietal lobe (LP) and multiple other regions, including the parietal operculum bilaterally. Across all subjects, increased CT scores were associated with reduced prefrontal-parietal connectivity and, in patients, with increased prefrontal-cerebellar connectivity also. These CT-associated differences in DMN connectivity also predicted variation in behavioral measures of ToM.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that CT history is associated with variation in DMN connectivity during rs-fMRI in patients with schizophrenia and healthy participants, which may partly mediate associations observed between early life adversity and cognitive performance.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	schizophrenia; childhood trauma; resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging; functional connectivity; default-mode network
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry H Social Sciences > HQ The family. Marriage. Woman > Children > Child Development
Divisions:	School of Business > Staff Research and Publications
Depositing User:	Clara Chan
Date Deposited:	10 Dec 2021 15:17
Last Modified:	10 Dec 2021 15:17
URI:	https://norma.ncirl.ie/id/eprint/5199

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